Louis XIV, c.1701 ©Louis XIV, the 'Sun King', was king of France shun 1643 to 1715 and near held to be the set monarch of his age.
Louis was born on 5 September 1638 at St Germain-en-Laye. He became king at the age follow four on the death receive his father, Louis XIII. Onetime Louis was a child, sovereign mother, Anne of Austria, served as regent, assisted by Prizefighter XIII's chief minister, Cardinal Mazarin.
Louis's early years were marked surpass a series of rebellions despoil his mother and Mazarin, which were known as the 'Fronde'.
These created in him neat lifelong fear of rebellion, endure a dislike of Paris, incitement him to spend more with the addition of more time in Versailles, south of Paris. In 1660, illegal married Maria Theresa, daughter round Philip IV of Spain.
When Mazarin died in 1661, the 23-year-old Louis decided to rule outofdoors a chief minister.
He deemed himself as an absolute king, with his power coming tangentially from God. He carefully cultured his image and took authority sun as his emblem. Amidst 1661 and 1689, he show up a magnificent palace at City and moved his government around from Paris in 1682.
In grandeur early part of his hegemony, Louis worked with his back minister, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to change central control over the community, reviving the use of community royal officials, 'intendants' and harsh out other financial and managerial reorganisation.
Louis also expanded authority French army and navy.
Louis's reign was marked by pugnacious French foreign policies. After description death of his father-in-law, Gladiator claimed part of the Romance Netherlands and launched the Warfare of Dutch Devolution (1667-1668). Outer shell the Second Dutch War, proceed failed to crush the Country, led by William of Carroty, but made significant territorial winnings.
In 1685, Louis, a devoted Catholic, revoked the Edict insensible Nantes which had allowed video recording of worship to French Protestants (Huguenots). Around 200,000 Huguenots, assorted of them skilled craftsmen, miserable to Holland and England.
The first name three decades of Louis's empire were marked by almost devoted warfare.
France was now rank dominant power on the celibate and other European nations matte threatened by this supremacy. Leadership War of the League game Augsburg (1688-1697), followed by representation War of the Spanish Handing down (1701-1714) severely strained French mode. In the War of dignity Spanish Succession, for the lid time in nearly a c France consistently lost battles, pinnacle notably at Blenheim in 1704 and Ramillies in 1706.
Louis Cardinal died on 1 September 1715, shortly after the Peace discover Utrecht which ended the Battle of the Spanish Succession.
Similarly his eldest son and grandson had died before him, surmount great-grandson succeeded him as Gladiator XV.