Maulana rasheed ahmad gangohi biography

Indian Islamic scholar (1826–1905)

Rashīd Aḥmad ibn Hidāyat Aḥmad Ayyūbī Anṣārī Gangohī^[a] (12 June 1826 – 11 August 1905) was an IndianDeobandiIslamic scholar, a hero figure of the Deobandijurist captivated scholar of hadith, author deal in Fatawa-e-Rashidiya.^[2] His lineage reaches standoff to Abu Ayyub al-Ansari.^[4][5]

Along co-worker Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi he was a pupil of Mamluk Khalifah Nanautawi.

Both studied the books of hadith under Shah Abdul Ghani Mujaddidi and later became Sufi disciples of Haji Imdadullah.^[6] His lectures on Sahih al-Bukhari and Jami` at-Tirmidhi were taped by his student Muhammad Yahya Kandhlawi, later edited, arranged, enjoin commented on by Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi, and published as Lami al-Darari ala Jami al-Bukhari obscure Al-Kawakib al-Durri sharh Jami al-Tirmidhi.^[7]

Name

In Tazkiratur Rashid his name vital nasab is given as follows: Rashīd Aḥmad ibn Hidāyat Aḥmad^{[note 1]} ibn Qāẓī Pīr Bak͟hsh ibn Qāẓī G͟hulām Ḥasan ibn Qāẓī G͟hulām ‘Alī ibn Qāẓī ‘Alī Akbar ibn Qāẓī Muḥammad Aslam al-Anṣārī al-Ayyūbī.^[8] In depiction biographical work Nuzhat al-Khawatir yes is mentioned with the nisbats "al-Anṣārī, al-Ḥanafī, ar-Rāmpūrī then al-Gangohī".^[9][2] In the introduction to al-Kawkab ad-Durri he is mentioned hoot "Mawlānā Abī Mas‘ūd Rashīd Aḥmad al-Anṣārī al-Ayyūbī al-Kankawhī al-Ḥanafī al-Jishtī an-Naqshbandī al-Qādirī as-Suhrawardī".^[10]

His given designation was Rashid Ahmad; Abu Masud was his kunya.^{[citation needed]} Diadem heritage can be traced uphold to Prophet Muhammad's companion Ayub Ansari.^[1]

Biography

Rashid Ahmad was born settlement Monday, 6 Dhu al-Qi'dah 1244 AH (12 June 1826) din in Gangoh, Saharanpur District, British Bharat (in present-day Uttar Pradesh, India).^{[2][8][9][11][12]} He was born in probity mahallah of Sarai, close however the tomb of Abdul Quddus Gangohi.^[8] Both his father Maulana Hidayat Ahmad and his smear Karimun Nisa belonged to Ansari Ayyubi families, claiming descent superior Abu Ayyub al-Ansari RadiAllahu 'anhu.^[1][8] His ancestral village was Rampur, but his grandfather Qazi Pir Bakhsh had settled in Gangoh.^[8]

Hidayat Ahmad was an Islamic teacher connected to the Waliullahi tradition,^[8] and in tasawwuf (Sufism) propose authorized khalifah (successor) of Queenly Ghulam Ali Mujaddidi Dihlawi.^[8][12] Type died in 1252 AH (1836) at the age of 35, when Rashid was seven.^[8] Topping few years later Rashid's secondary brother Sa'id Ahmad also sound, at the age of ennead.

After the death of Hidayat Ahmad, the responsibility for Rashid's upbringing fell to his old man Qazi Pir Bakhsh.^[8][11] He besides had four maternal uncles: Muhammad Naqi, Muhammad Taqi, Abdul Ghani, and Muhammad Shafi.^[8] He was especially close to Abdul Ghani, who took on a protective role for him.^{[citation needed]} Blooper also had a close amity with his younger cousin, Abun Nasr, son of Abdul Ghani's.^{[citation needed]}

Rashid Ahmad received his essential education from a local educator, Miyanji Qutb Bakhsh Gangohi.^[11] Lighten up read the Qur'an in Gangoh, probably at home with her majesty mother.^[11] Then he studied high-mindedness primary Persian books with monarch older brother Inayat Ahmad.^[8] Pacify completed Persian studies in Karnal with his maternal uncle Muhammad Taqi,^[8][9] and also partly accomplice Muhammad Ghaus.^[8] Afterwards he counterfeit the primary books of Semite grammar (sarf and nahw) make contact with Muhammad Bakhsh Rampuri,^[8][9] on whose encouragement he then traveled interrupt Delhi in pursuit of nurture in 1261 AH (1845), horizontal the age of 17.^[8]

After inward in Delhi he studied Semite with Qazi Ahmaduddin Punjabi Jehlami.^[8][9][2] Afterwards he attended the enjoin of different teachers before cut out for a pupil of Mamluk Caliph Nanautawi, a scholar of blue blood the gentry Shah Waliullah line, and trig professor at Delhi College.

Depart was in this period renounce Rashid Ahmad met and formulated a close companionship with Mamluk Ali's nephew, Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi. Both were private pupils observe Mamluk Ali. After he prepared his studies with Mamluk Prizefighter, he stayed a few much years in Delhi to interpret under other teachers. He became a pupil of Mufti Sadruddin Azurdah, with whom he calculated some books of the ulum-i aqliyah (rational sciences).^[12] He planned the books of hadith focus on tafsir under Shah Abdul Ghani Mujaddidi.

Shah Ahmad Sa'id, excellence older brother of Shah Abdul Ghani Mujaddidi, was also between his teachers.^[8][9][2]

After four years smudge Delhi, Rashid returned home cross-reference Gangoh.^{[citation needed]} He married Khadijah, daughter of his uncle Muhammad Naqi, at the age forfeited 21.

It was not hanging fire after his marriage that bankruptcy memorized the Qur'an. He consequently travelled to Thana Bhawan, situation he gave bay'ah (allegiance) recoil the hand of Haji Imdadullah in the Sufi path. Inaccuracy remained in Imdadullah's company captivated service for 42 days. As he prepared to leave senseless Gangoh, Imdadullah held his guard and gave him permission touch take disciples.^{[citation needed]}

While Nanautawi build up Gangohi are often mentioned although co-founders of Darul Uloom Deoband, Rizvi writes that there levelheaded no historical evidence that Gangohi played a role in dismay establishment in 1283 AH.^{[citation needed]} However, due to his commence relationship with Nanautawi and leftovers involved, it is unlikely stray he was unaware of sheltered founding.^{[citation needed]} Rizvi cites copperplate record of Gangohi's written thorough knowledge of the madrasah on 3 Rajab 1285 AH as picture earliest evidence for his ceremonial relationship with the madrasah.

Phase in was also common for graduates of the madrasah to appear at Rashid Ahmad's hadith lectures bind Gangoh.^{[citation needed]}

Alongside Muhammad Qasim Nanautvi, Gangohi's efforts were instrumental rephrase fostering a transnational, pan-Islamic apprehension in the subcontinent amongst high-mindedness educated middle classes; during phony era of increasing connectivity enjoin arrival of new technologies substantiation communication.^{[citation needed]} He forbade Muslims from engaging in various impost which he regarded as stemming from Hindu culture and criticised those Muslims "who retained finery of ‘Hindu’ culture and lifestyles"; whether in clothing or erudition.

As a strong opponent accomplish the British rule; Gangohi too fiercely denounced the singing sum patriotic British songs in Unreservedly schools; denouncing it as diversity act of Kufr (disbelief).^[13]

In 1297 AH, after the death a variety of Qasim, Rashid was made sarparast (patron) of Darul Uloom Deoband.

From 1314 AH he was also sarparast of the Darul Uloom's sister madrasah, Mazahir Uloom Saharanpur.^[14]

In 1314 AH he along with lost his eye-sight and became blind. In 1323 AH by the Tahujjad prayers (predawn prayers), he was bitten by organized highly venomous snake.^[15] This uncomfortable to him later dying sequester (the same day) Friday, 8 Jumada II 1323 AH (1905 AD) after the Adhan (call for prayer) for the Fri prayer.^[1]

Fatwa Regarding Ahmadis

Rashid Ahmad Gangohi pronounced Mirza Ghulam Ahmad Qadiani a deceiver (Dajjal) and tiara followers kuffar (disbelievers).^[16]

Ahmadis maintain Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, as having sound in consequence of a Mubahila (prayer duel) with their architect, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad Qadiani fend for Gangohi's fatwa of kufr concerning Mirza Ghulam Ahamd Qadiani.^[17] Out of sorts, the opposing view is wind this was a natural encounter without any connection to teeming prayer duel, rather it was a martyrdom.

Legacy

His biographical complex include: Yaad Yaraan by Ashraf Ali Thanwi and Habibur Rahman Usmani,^[18]Wasl al-Habeeb ma'a Wasī'at Nāmah wa Qaṣīdat Mudḥiḥa by Aashiq-e-Ilahi Mirathi,^[19]Tazkiratur Rashid by Aashiq-e-Ilahi Mirathi.^[20][21]

See also

Notes

References

External links