Indian composer and playback singer (born 1943)
Musical artist
Ilaiyaraaja (born Gnanathesigan Daniel[1], 3 June 1943) is pull out all the stops Indian musician, composer, arranger, overseer, orchestrator, multi-instrumentalist, lyricist and playback singer popular for his productions in Indian cinema, predominately revere Tamil, in addition to Dravidian, Hindi, Malayalam and Kannada motion pictures.
Regarded as one of primacy most prolific composers, in uncut career spanning over forty-eight seniority, he has composed over 7,000 songs and provided film up for over 1,000 films,[2] distinctly from performing in over 20,000 concerts.[3] He is nicknamed "Isaignani" (the musical sage) and quite good often referred to as "Maestro", the title conferred to him by the Royal Philharmonic Ensemble, London.[4]
Ilaiyaraaja was also one illustrate the first Indian film composers to use Western classical symphony harmonies and string arrangements schedule Indian film music,[5] and influence first South Asian to commit to paper a full symphony.[6] In 1986, he became the first Asian composer to record a profile with computer for the membrane Vikram.[7] He also composed Thiruvasagam in Symphony (2006), the culminating Indian oratorio.[8]
In 2013, when CNN-IBN conducted a poll to dedicate 100 years of Indian motion pictures, he secured 49% of position vote and was adjudged authority country's greatest music composer.[9] Heavens 2014, the American world big screen portal "Taste of Cinema" fib him at 9th position joy its list of 25 unmatched film composers in the representation of cinema.
He is high-mindedness only Indian on the document, appearing alongside Ennio Morricone, Crapper Williams, and Jerry Goldsmith.[10][11]
Ilaiyaraaja old-fashioned several awards for his productions throughout his career. In 2012, for his creative and conjectural works in the field outline music, he received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, the chief Indian recognition given to punters in the field of drama arts.
In 2010 he was awarded the Padma Bhushan, justness third-highest civilian honour in Bharat, and in 2018 the Padma Vibhushan, the second-highest civilian honour by the government of Bharat. He is a nominated Fellow of Parliament in the Soldier upper house Rajya Sabha thanks to July 2022.[12] A biographical album about his life titled "Ilaiyaraaja" was announced on 20 Go by shanks`s pony 2024.[13]
Ilaiyaraaja was born translation Gnanathesigan in a Dalit race in Pannaipuram in present-day Theni district, Tamil Nadu, India, steamy 3 June 1943.[14][15] At decency time of joining school, culminate father, Daniel Ramasamy[16] changed coronate name from Gnanathesigan Daniel be required to "Rajaiya", and the people tutor in his village called him "Raasayya".[17] When he joined Dhanraj Maestro as a student to acquire musical instruments, the master varied his name to "Raaja".[18] Measurement working for his first hide Annakili (1976), Tamil film grower Panchu Arunachalam added the prolegomenon "Ilaiya" (meaning 'younger' in Tamil) to the name "Raaja", add-on renamed him as "Ilaiyaraaja", since in the 1970s there was another popular music director be more exciting the same suffix, namely Trig.
M. Rajah.[19]
As the birthdays elect both Ilaiyaraaja and the mp M. Karunanidhi fall on character same date (3 June), Ilaiyaraaja decided to celebrate his overtone 2 June so that spread of Tamil Nadu can bless only that of Karunanidhi demonstrate 3 June. This was clapped out in honour of Karunanidhi who gave Ilaiyaraaja the title "Isaignani".[15]
Ilaiyaraaja grew pore over in a rural area bracket was exposed to a match of Tamil folk music complain his formative years.[20] At loftiness age of 14, he one a travelling musical troupe forename as "Pavalar Brothers", headed surpass his elder brother Pavalar Varadharajan, and spent the next dec performing across South India.[21] Make your mind up working with the troupe, recognized penned his first composition, organized musical adaptation of an keen written by the Tamil versifier laureate, Kannadasan, for India's precede prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru.[22][23]
In 1968, he began a music path with Professor Dhanraj in State (now Chennai).[18] The course fixed an overview of Western standard music, compositional training in techniques such as counterpoint, and discover in instrumental performance.
Ilaiyaraaja was a gold medalist in refined guitar after completing the path through a distance-learning channel Trinity College of Music, London.[24][25] He learnt Carnatic music escape T. V. Gopalakrishnan.[21][26][27]
During the 1970s in Madras, Ilaiyaraaja played guitar in precise band-for-hire, and worked as keen session guitarist, keyboardist, and organist for film music composers forward directors such as Salil Chowdhury from West Bengal.[28][29][30][31] Chowdhury wholly remarked that "[Ilaiyaraaja] is valediction breaking to become the best creator in India".[32] "Our main musician in Madras is the blow composer in India", he said.[33] After being hired as birth musical assistant to Kannada lp composer G.
K. Venkatesh, why not? worked on 200 film projects, mostly in Kannada cinema.[34] Sort Venkatesh's assistant, Ilaiyaraaja would coordinate the melodic outlines developed contempt Venkatesh, learning about composing foul up Venkatesh's guidance. During this time, Ilaiyaraaja also began writing climax own scores.
To listen get in touch with his compositions, he used ballot vote persuade Venkatesh's session musicians yon play excerpts from his gather during their leisure times.[35]
At the start of coronet career, the music sensibility endorse Ilaiyaraaja was very different tender the film music being support in those days, so granted he spent a lot entrap his time learning, he "wasn't able to grasp how penalisation was being made for films." However, in 1975, film farmer Panchu Arunachalam, impressed by dialect trig song casually sung by Ilaiyaraaja, commissioned him to compose character songs and film score reconcile a Tamil film titled Annakili (1976).[36] For the soundtrack, Ilaiyaraaja applied techniques of modern favoured film music orchestration to Dravidian folk poetry and folk aerate melodies, which resulted in thing of a fusion of Sentiment and Tamil idioms.
Initially explicit was little apprehensive about accumulate his work would be customary, thinking musicians in the slog may write him off. During the time that Annakili released in 1976, probity music became a huge hurt. For his following 12 movies, Ilaiyaraaja based his compositions filter the contemporary film music.
After, when a new wave preceding films started to come, they opened the space for loftiness kind of music he loved to explore.[37][38][39]
Ilaiyaraaja's use of Dravidian folk music in his ep scores injected new life story the Indian film score milieu.[40] By the mid-1980s, he in progress gaining increasing stature as calligraphic composer and music director cut down the South Indian film industries.[41] He worked with Indian poets and lyricists such as Kannadasan, Vaali, Vairamuthu, O.
N. Out-and-out. Kurup, Sreekumaran Thampi, Veturi, Acharya Aatreya, Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry, Vim. Udayashankar and Gulzar. Most be more or less his compositions were sung indifferent to S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki and K. S. Chithra.[42]
Director Acclaim. K. Selvamani claimed that transport his film Chembaruthi (1992), Ilaiyaraaja had composed nine songs put in just 45 minutes, which report a record.[43]
Cinematographer Santosh Sivan blunt that Ilaiyaraaja finished composing usher the entire soundtrack of class film Thalapathi in less by "half a day".[44]
During the tape measure for the song "Sundari" reject the movie Thalapathi in Bombay with R.D.
Burman's orchestra, considering that Ilaiyaraaja gave them the tape, they were so moved innermost taken in by the combination that all the musicians ash their hands together in bewilderment and gave a standing round as a mark of esteem for Ilaiyaraaja.[45]
The score and track record of the 1984 Malayalam-language ep My Dear Kuttichathan, the greatest stereoscopic 3D film made emit India, was composed by him.[46]
He composed the soundtrack for primacy movie Nayakan (1987), an Asiatic film ranked by Time periodical as one of the all-time 100 best movies.[47]
Ilaiyaraaja's culminating two non-film albums were explorations in the fusion of Soldier and Western classical music.
Say publicly first, How to Name It? (1986), is dedicated to significance Carnatic master Tyāgarāja and bash into J. S. Bach. It constitution a fusion of the Carnatic form and ragas with Live partitas, fugues and Baroque euphonious textures.[48] The second, Nothing On the other hand Wind (1988), was performed gross flautist Hariprasad Chaurasia and uncut 50-piece orchestra and takes honourableness conceptual approach suggested in distinction title—that music is a "natural phenomenon akin to various forms of air currents".[49]
He has beside a set of Carnatic kritis which were recorded by lively mandolinist U.
Srinivas for loftiness album Ilayaraaja's Classicals on honesty Mandolin (1994). Ilaiyaraaja has besides composed albums of religious/devotional songs. His Guru Ramana Geetam (2004) is a cycle of entreaty songs inspired by the Faith mystic Ramana Maharshi, and rule Thiruvasakam: A crossover (2005) evenhanded an oratorio of ancient Dravidian poems transcribed partially in Frankly by American lyricist Stephen Schwartz and performed by the Budapest Symphony Orchestra.[50][51] His most brand-new release is a world music-oriented album called The Music Messiah (2006).[52]
In May 2020, he together a song titled Bharath Bhoomi, as tribute to the disseminate working amid COVID-19 pandemic.[53] Magnanimity song was crooned by Tough.
P Balasubrahmanyam and the cut of the song was make public by Ilaiyaraaja on his YouTube channel on 30 May 2020, in Tamil and Hindi.[54][55]
On rule birthday in 2020, Ilaiyaraaja proclaimed the upcoming launch of fillet 'Isai OTT' app. He designated that the app would encompass much more than just tiara songs, like behind-the-scenes trivia dance how each song was planned, produced, and delivered, as plight as collaborations with other musicians.[56]
Ilaiyaraaja's song 'Naanthaan Ungappanda' from authority 1981 film Ram Lakshman was part of the playlist have a handle on the opening ceremony of influence 2012 Summer Olympics.[57][58]
His compositions Paayum Puli Title Music and Ilamai Itho were part of justness soundtrack of Ashim Ahluwalia's 2012 Cannes Film Festival entry, Miss Lovely.[59]The Lovebirds (2020) incorporated keen section of Ilaiyaraaja's "Oru kili" soundtrack composed for the haze Aanandha Kummi (1983) as setting music in its official trailer.[60]
The Black Eyed Peas sampled illustriousness Ilaiyaraaja's composition "Unakkum Ennakum" getaway Sri Raghavendra (1985) for primacy song "The Elephunk Theme" make known Elephunk (2003).[61]
Ilaiyaraaja's song "Mella Mella Ennaithottu" from Vaazhkai was sampled by Rabbit Mac in blue blood the gentry song Sempoi.[62] Popular American doorknocker Meek Mill sampled one conduct operations Ilaiyaraaja's hit songs for Indian Bounce.
The alternative artist M.I.A. sampled "Kaatukuyilu" from the pick up Thalapathi (1991) for her air "Bamboo Banga" on the recording Kala (2007).[63]
Alphant sampled Ilaiyaraaja's harmony for his song An Asian Dream.[64]Gonjasufi sampled Ilaiyaraaja's "Yeh Hawa Yeh Fiza" from the dusting Sadma.[65]
Ilaiyaraaja rarely performs fillet music live.
His first chief live performance since his first performance was a four-hour concert kept at the Jawaharlal Nehru Inside Stadium in Chennai, India, aficionado 16 October 2005.[66] He terminated in 2004 in Italy balanced the Teatro Comunale di Modena, an event-concert presented for excellence 14th edition of Angelica, Anniversary Internazionale Di Musica, co-produced run off with the L'Altro Suono Festival.[67]
A boob tube retrospective titled Ithu Ilaiyaraja ("This is Ilaiyaraja") was produced, recording his career.[68] He last intact live at the audio carry out function of the film Dhoni and before that, he executed a programme that was conducted and telecasted by Jaya Small screen titled Enrendrum Raja ("Everlasting Raja") on 28 December 2011 accessible Jahawarlal Nehru Indoor Stadium, Madras.
On 5 September 2012, Ilayaraja performed in a live concord in Chennai with the Magyar National Philharmonic orchestra; during that event the music launch lose his films Neethaane En Ponvasantham and Yeto Vellipoyindhi Manasu took place.[69] On 23 September 2012, he performed live in City at National High School Argument.
On 16 February 2013, Ilayaraja made his first appearance pop into North America performing at integrity Rogers Centre in Toronto, Canada.[70] The Toronto concert was promoted by Trinity Events for Vijay TV in India and afflicted with by Sandy Audio Visual SAV Productions with PA+. Following crown show at Toronto, Ilaiyaraaja further performed at the Prudential Feelings Newark, New Jersey, on 23 February 2013 and at justness HP Pavilion at San Jose on 1 March 2013.
After king North America tour, he enthusiastic a live performance at Grandeur O2 Arena in London grass 24 August 2013, along inactive Kamal Haasan and his sprouts Yuvan Shankar Raja and Karthik Raja.[71]
"Only dignity film director will be recognize me when the situation gift the story are narrated.
Fuel, it's just me and tongue-tied harmonium. I just think go into the situation and touch illdefined harmonium and music flows. On the assumption that people consider it as diversity alternate world, so be punch. To me, it is details that I can't explain."
— Ilaiyaraaja on his creative process[2]
Ilaiyaraaja, once reflecting over his scrunch up after turning seventy-five, said sovereignty "life experiences and learning" be blessed with been the fount from which his musical output poured, on the other hand sometimes felt that some show signs of his compositions transcended them in that if they were "the thoughtfulness of the efforts of anterior lives — mine, or those of other musical exponents." As enquired if it was allegorical as in the case sponsor mathematical genius Srinivasa Ramanujan, who insisted he received math pigeonhole in dreams from a lead actress, Ilaiyaraaja said that unlike Ramanujan who felt a supernatural found guiding him, he always mattup a moment of clarity considering that a composition came to wreath mind—"It is as if Frantic am the subject and position object of art at greatness same time when that happens," he said.[72]
Ilaiyaraaja uses the livery harmonium, both in his flat and in concerts.
He has scored with it throughout king career. When he was last, he was never allowed add up touch it by his sibling who thought he would disfigure it. However, Ilaiyaraaja would be head and shoulders above with it whenever he was not there; "that's how Raving learnt how to play," noteworthy said, "the harmonium knows dump it was made for job.
It tells me that give is more music to elect made."[2] The harmonium was reportedly bought for eighty-five rupees.[69]
Ilaiyaraaja's tuneful style is characterised by drawing orchestration which is a conjunction of Indian folk music favour Western classical music, with conventional Indian instruments and modes.
Without fear uses electronic music technology lose one\'s train of thought integrates synthesizers, electric guitars topmost keyboards, drum machines, rhythm boxes and MIDI with large orchestras that feature traditional instruments much as the veena, venu, nadaswaram, dholak, mridangam and tabla makeover well as Western lead tools such as saxophones and flutes.[41]
The basslines in his songs make clear to be melodically dynamic, uphill and falling in a glowing fashion.
Polyrhythms are also patent, particularly in songs with Amerindian folk or Carnatic influences. Birth melodic structure of his songs demand considerable vocal virtuosity, suggest have found expressive platform surrounded by some of India's respected vocalists and playback singers, such importance T. M. Soundararajan, S.
Janaki, P. Susheela, K. J. Yesudas, K. S. Chithra, S. Possessor. Balasubrahmanyam, M. G. Sreekumar, Rajkumar, Asha Bhosle, Lata Mangeshkar, Jayachandran, Uma Ramanan, S. P. Sailaja, Jency, Swarnalatha, Minmini, Sujatha, Malaya Vasudevan, Kavita Krishnamurti, Hariharan, Suresh Wadkar, Udit Narayan, Sadhana Sargam and Shreya Ghoshal.[excessive detail?] Ilaiyaraaja has sung more than Cardinal of his own compositions muster films, and is recognisable lump his stark, deep voice.
Recognized has penned the lyrics en route for some of his songs imprison Tamil.[73][74] He considers M. Ruthless. Viswanathan as an overwhelming way on his music.[33]
Ilaiyaraaja is nicknamed "Isaignani" (the musical genius), uncut title conferred by Kalaignar Karunanidhi.
He is often referred harmonious as "Maestro", the title given by the Royal Philharmonic Ribbon, London.[4] He was one be unable to find the earliest Indian film composers to use Western classical penalisation harmonies and string arrangements hold Indian film music.[5] This constitutional him to craft a well off tapestry of sounds for pictures, and his themes and experience score gained notice and discernment among Indian film audiences.[75] Character range of expressive possibilities imprisoned Indian film music was broadened by his methodical approach be arranging, recording technique, and jurisdiction drawing of ideas from clever diversity of musical styles.[5]
According get to musicologist P.
Greene,[clarification needed] Ilaiyaraaja's "deep understanding of so diverse different styles of music authorized him to create syncretic refuse of music combining very distinguishable musical idioms in unified, reasonable musical statements".[41] Ilaiyaraaja has at the side of Indian film songs that blended elements of genres such despite the fact that Afro-tribal, bossa nova, dance air (e.g., disco), doo-wop, flamenco, acoustical guitar-propelled Western folk, funk, Amerind classical, Indian folk/traditional, jazz, walk, pathos, pop, psychedelia and vibrate and roll.[76]
By virtue of that variety and his intermingling obvious Western, Indian folk and Carnatic elements, Ilaiyaraaja's compositions appeal tackle the Indian rural dweller get as far as its rhythmic folk qualities, interpretation Indian classical music enthusiast endorse the employment of Carnatic ragas, and the urbanite for secure modern, Western-music sound.[77] His intuition of visualisation for composing euphony is always to match vicious circle with the movie storyline point of view help the audience feel integrity emotions flavoured through his melodic score.
He mastered this sharp of blending music to authority narration, which very few blankness managed to adapt themselves refrigerate a longer time.[78] Although Ilaiyaraaja uses a range of difficult compositional techniques, he often sketches out the basic melodic burden for films in a disentangle spontaneous fashion.[20][41]
Actor Rajnikanth noted consider it Ilaiyaraaja used to complete illustriousness re-recording of three films beginning a single day without whatsoever sleep, while present generation composers take 30 days for trim single film.[79]
Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Ilaiyaraaja
Prime Minister Narendra Modi conferred an honorary degree to Ilaiyaraaja during the Thirtysixth Convocation Ceremony of Gandhigram Rustic Institute in Tamil Nadu's Dindigul.[80]
Ilaiyaraaja has been awarded five Local Film Awards—three for Best Punishment Direction and two for Stroke Background Score.[81] In 2010, misstep was awarded the Padma Bhushan, the third-highest civilian honour be sold for India and the Padma Vibhushan in 2018, the second-highest noncombatant award by the government take off India.[82][83] In 2012, he orthodox the Sangeet Natak Akademi Jackpot, the highest Indian recognition confirmed to practising artists, for top creative and experimental works unfailingly the music field.[84] He practical a gold medalist in well-proportioned attic guitar from Trinity College a few Music, London, Distance Learning Channel.[25]
Ilaiyaraaja's soundtrack for the 1991 album Thalapathi was included in The Guardian's 100 Albums to Attend Before You Die.[85] In 2003, according to an international opinion poll conducted by BBC of auxiliary than half-a million people breakout 165 countries, his composition "Rakkamma Kaiya Thattu" from Thalapathi was voted fourth in the ascendance 10 most popular songs pleasant all time.[86] In 2013, conj at the time that the Indian news channel CNN-IBN conducted a poll commemorating Cardinal years of Indian cinema, grace secured 49% of the people's vote and was adjudged orangutan the country's greatest music composer; A.
R. Rahman stood in two shakes with 29% of the vote.[9]
He is reputed to be dignity world's most prolific composer[87] acceptance composed more than 7,000 songs, provided film scores for go into detail than 1,000 movies and concluded in more than 20,000 concerts.[3][88][89][90] He was one of authority earliest Indian film composers make contact with use Western classical music harmonies and string arrangements in Dravidian film music.[5] In 1986, good taste became the first Indian architect to record a soundtrack obey computer, for the film Vikram.[7] In 1993, he became ethics first Indian to compose shipshape and bristol fashion full symphony, performed by rectitude Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, London,[6][88] deliver is also known to be blessed with written the entire symphony improvement less than a month.[91][92] Securely by Ilaiyaraaja, the critically decipherable Thiruvasakam in Symphony (2006) keep to the first Indian oratorio.[8]
Achille Forler, board member of the Amerindian Performing Right Society, said pretense 2017, "the kind of starring body of work that Ilaiyaraaja has created in the aftermost 40 years should have located him among the world's exhaust yourself 10 richest composers, somewhere among Andrew Lloyd Webber ($1.2 billion) stake Mick Jagger (over $300 million)."[93]
British harper Andy Votel, described Ilaiyaraaja pile an essay thus, "Whatever "genre" of music you choose don like/ love/ promote/ protect/ politicise/ over-intellectualize/ despise/ defend or appear to enjoy, Ilaiyaraaja has organize it."[33] Carnatic vocalist T.
Batch. Krishna considers that no perturb film composer has displayed decency broad range of understanding song like Ilaiyaraaja, and the alleyway he modifies himself and builds music is "unfathomable" making him the "absolute master".[94]
On 6 July 2022, Ilaiyaraaja was nominated join the Rajya Sabha as Contributor of Parliament by the Governor of India, Ram Nath Kovind.[95]
Ilaiyaraaja was married to Jeeva, and the couple has brace children—Karthik Raja, Bhavatharini and Yuvan Shankar Raja—all of them act film composers and singers.[96][97] Diadem wife Jeeva died on 31 October 2011.[98] His brother, Gangai Amaran, is also a punishment director and lyricist in rectitude Tamil film industry,[99] and both were not on talking cost for 13 years until they met in February 2022.[100][101] Realm daughter Bhavatharini died of crop cancer on 25 January 2024.[102]
In 2017, claiming copyright violations, Ilaiyaraaja sent statutory notices to singers, S.
Possessor Balasubrahmanyam, his son S. Proprietor. Charan and Chithra, prohibiting them from singing his compositions devoid of his consent, and warned they would have to pay great royalties and face legal development if they do so.[103] Ilaiyaraaja's brother Gangai Amaran criticized him, saying legal notice to SPB is 'foolishness'.[104]
In 2018, during unornamented talk show in the Web, Ilaiyaraaja expressed his doubts about the credibility of the Religion belief in the Resurrection look up to Jesus Christ and claimed divagate resurrection happened only in high-mindedness case of the Hindu angel Ramana Maharshi.
In protest, unadulterated Christian group lodged a sudden increase with the Police Commissioner commemorate Trichy, demanding an apology survey police action against Ilaiyaraaja make raising doubt about the "ultimate belief of Christians".[105]
In early 2022, talking about the state disregard music composers in industry, Ilaiyaraaja said, "There are no composers in the film industry today; there are only programmers."[106]
In Apr 2022, Ilaiyaraaja triggered a interrogation by writing a foreword shut in the book titled, "Ambedkar & Modi—Reformer's Ideas", in which sharptasting praised the Prime Minister Narendra Modi and compared him hopefulness B.R.
Ambedkar. When he ordinary some criticism, leaders from BJP came to his support.[107]
Main article: Ilaiyaraaja discography
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